Yes, alcohol affects hormones in women by increasing estrogen and cortisol, and decreasing progesterone, which can lead to issues like irregular menstrual cycles, worsened menopause symptoms, and an increased risk for certain health conditions. The liver prioritizes metabolizing alcohol, disrupting the body’s normal hormone regulation, and its effects are seen across all stages of a woman’s life.
Specific hormonal effects
Estrogen: Alcohol can increase estrogen levels by increasing its production or decreasing its breakdown. This is a concern because elevated estrogen is linked to an increased risk of certain cancers, such as breast cancer.
Progesterone: Moderate to heavy drinking can lead to lower progesterone levels, which is particularly relevant for premenopausal women and can disrupt the menstrual cycle and affect fertility.
Cortisol: Alcohol consumption increases cortisol, the body’s primary stress hormone. Chronically high cortisol levels can negatively impact bone growth, digestion, reproduction, and immune function.
Other hormones: Alcohol can also affect other key hormones, such as Anti-müllerian Hormone (AMH), gonadotropins (like FSH and LH), and thyroid hormones, which can impact fertility and other bodily functions.
Effects on reproductive function
Menstrual cycle: Alcohol can cause irregular periods and, in some cases, complete cessation of menses.
Menopause: For menopausal and postmenopausal women, alcohol can worsen symptoms like hot flashes and night sweats and may increase the risk of conditions like osteoporosis and heart disease.
Fertility: Studies show women who drink more than 7 alcoholic drinks per week while undergoing fertility treatment are less likely to achieve pregnancy.
Important considerations
Risk increases with consumption: The more alcohol a woman consumes, the greater the impact on her hormones and overall health.
Short-term vs. long-term: The liver’s priority is processing alcohol, which disrupts hormone regulation. For women who are heavy or long-term drinkers, the long-term effects on hormone levels and associated health risks can be significant.
Seek professional advice: It is important to discuss any concerns about alcohol, hormones, and reproductive health with a healthcare provider.
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Blackrock Health Womens Health Centre is officially open at 2-5 Warrington Place, Dublin 2!
From gynaecology to menopause, cardiology to pelvic health – we offer a wide range of services for every stage of your health journey.
Don’t delay your well-being and book your appointment today.
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Staying hydrated is essential, but how much water do you really need each day? While the general goal is around 100 ounces for men and 73 ounces for women, your actual needs depend on factors like activity, weather and metabolism. Water isn’t just about quenching thirst—it supports blood flow, glowing skin and even your teeth. Learn more in the Cleveland Clinic Diet App, located in the app store today!5d
Want to tone your midsection? You can start by standing up to do ab exercises.
Surprised? That’s understandable. After all, most of us think of a few classic on-the-floor exercises when it comes to strengthening our abdominals. Crunches and sit-ups, for instance. Planks, too.
But it turns out, you can get a deeper and more thorough core workout while on your feet, says exercise physiologist Katie Lawton, MEd. Here’s how.
Standing ab exercises
The pursuit of “six-pack abs” explains the devotion to crunches and similar floor exercises. “You completely isolate the rectus abdominis muscles when you lie down and do that motion,” says Lawton. “It’s very targeted.”
That’s great for creating washboard abs. But it doesn’t do much to enhance other muscles in your middle that play an important role in day-to-day movements.
Standing ab exercises, on the other hand, engage a network of muscles within your core that you use all the time, whether it’s picking laundry up off the floor or putting cans on the top shelf in the pantry.
“Think of your core as a chain of muscles that needs to work together to get the job done,” illustrates Lawton. “When you do an ab workout from a standing position, you’re working more of the muscles in that system.”
Strengthening your core can help you:
Improve your balance
Maintain good posture
Protect your back from aches and pains
Better handle day-to-day movements that require bending, lifting and twisting
Incorporate these exercises in a standing abs workout to see those benefits.
1. March
Muscles targeted: Rectus abdominis, transverse abdominis, erector spinae and hip flexors
Start in a standing position with your feet about hip-width apart.
In an exaggerated marching motion, bring your right knee straight up and move it toward your chest until your thigh is parallel to the floor.
Return to a standing position and repeat the motion with your left leg for one set.
Continue for 10 to 15 sets.
Pro tip: Want to make the march more challenging? Then add a “twist” to your motion by moving your right knee toward your left side when you raise it. (Your left knee would go toward your right side.)
2. Overhead side bend
Muscles targeted: External and internal obliques, quadratus lumborum, deltoids and erector spinae
Stand tall with your feet hip-width apart.
Extend your arms up, palms facing each other (as if you’re signaling a touchdown).
Tilt to the right while keeping your torso and arms straight. You’ll feel a stretch on the left side of your body as your waist bends to the right.
Return to the center position and repeat the motion to the left for one set.
Continue for 10 to 15 sets.
Pro tip: “As you bend to each side, focus on engaging your core muscles to work them properly,” advises Lawton. “You’re just going to the side, too. Your torso shouldn’t lean forward at all.”
Begin in an upright position with your feet about hip-width apart.
Kick your right leg out to the side, keeping it straight. Your toes should point forward during the motion as your leg scissors out and back. “Keep the movement smooth and consistent both ways,” instructs Lawton.
Repeat 10 to 15 times and then do the same with your left leg.
Pro tip: Use a chair to steady yourself if balance is an issue. “You always want to make sure these exercises are done in the safest way possible,” emphasizes Lawton.
4. Twists
Muscles targeted: Internal and external obliques, rectus abdominis, transverse abdominis and erector spinae
Stand and plant your feet about shoulder-width apart.
Extend your arms straight out in front of you, parallel to the floor.
Rotate your upper body to the right from your midsection while trying to keep your hips facing forward.
Return to the center. Then, rotate to the left to complete one set.
Repeat 10 times.
Pro tip: Twists should be done in a slow and controlled manner. “You don’t want to be whipping back and forth,” cautions Lawton.
5. Crossover toe touch
Muscles targeted: Internal and external obliques, rectus abdominis, transverse abdominis, erector spinae, hamstrings and glutes
Begin in a standing position with your feet slightly wider than shoulder-width apart.
Extend your arms out to your side, as if forming the letter T.
Rotate your torso to the right while reaching your left hand down to tap your right foot. Most of the movement should be in your core, not your legs.
Return to the T position and repeat the motion in the opposite direction (with your right hand touching your left foot) to complete a full set.
Repeat 10 to 15 times.
Pro tip: Skip this exercise if you sometimes get lightheaded when raising your head and up and down.
6. Wood chop
Muscles targeted: Internal and external obliques, rectus abdominis, transverse abdominis, erector spinae, deltoids and latissimus dorsi
Stand with your feet positioned shoulder-width apart.
Clasp your hands together (as if holding an ax) and bring them up over your head to the right. Your torso will rotate slightly to the right as you twist.
Bring your hands down and to the left in a “chopping” motion that swings across your chest toward your left leg. Rotate your torso to the left as you take the swing. Bend your knees slightly and pivot your feet, too.
Return to the raised position. Take 10 chops.
Repeat with your hands, starting to the left and swinging to the right.
Pro tip: Tailor these exercises to your range of motion. “Move the best you can within the parameters you have,” advises Lawton. “When you start to feel that tension in your muscles, stop there. If it hurts, you’ve gone too far.”
Final thoughts
The simplicity of standing ab exercises just … well, stands out. That’s because the exercises build on natural movements that we do all the time. “That’s a big reason why they’re so effective,” says Lawton.
It’s important to safely progress these exercises as they become easier. Resistance bands, cable machines, medicine balls or free weights are all tools that can help you increase the intensity of the movements.
Dedicating a few minutes a day to these exercises can help you build core strength that supports everything you do, from walking the dog to lifting groceries.
“Standing ab exercises really don’t take a lot of time,” emphasizes Lawton.
Plus, you won’t need to find your floor mat to do them.
Can eating the rainbow help to reduce inflammation?
11/6/2025 by Tamara Soerense
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Inflammation is a natural process initiated by the immune system in response to illness, trauma, toxins, physical stress and chronic disease. While acute inflammation is protective and allows our bodies to heal, it can become harmful if it persists, leading to chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation, in turn, can lead to conditions such as arthritis, heart disease, and diabetes.
Several foods can contribute to inflammation. These include highly processed foods, refined carbohydrates, or foods high in added sugars. Conversely, other foods can help calm the immune system, decreasing inflammation.
Let’s explore which foods help lower inflammation and how they can be incorporated into an anti-inflammatory diet.
Fruits and Vegetables: Colorful fruits and vegetables naturally contain various phytonutrients and bioactive compounds that help keep inflammation in check. These foods form the foundation of the anti-inflammatory diet and can be enjoyed in abundance. For an extra boost of protection, try drizzling antioxidant-rich olive oil on your veggies..
Protein: Choose primarily from plant-based sources such as legumes, soy, nuts, and seeds, with smaller amounts from lean cuts of animal protein and fatty fish. The fats in these proteins, mainly monounsaturated and omega-3, play a significant role in combating inflammation. The American Heart Association recommends 6 to 8 ounces of fatty fish and 5 ounces of legumes, nuts, and seeds per week.
Whole grains: Whole grains contain all parts of the grain, whereas refined grains remove the germ and bran, eliminating important inflammation-reducing compounds. Of these, fiber is a bit of a superstar, shown to help reduce blood sugar and cholesterol levels. Aim for at least 50% of your grains from whole grain sources, such as rolled oats and brown rice.
Herbs and Spices: Herbs and spices add flavor to your food and help reduce oxidative stress, which can trigger inflammation. Add ginger, turmeric, clove, cinnamon, oregano, and garlic to your next meal.
What change can you make today to shift your body into a less inflamed state?
Consider adding one colorful fruit or vegetable to your diet each day. Suggestions include tomatoes, oranges, yellow bell peppers, arugula, blueberries, pumpkin and broccoli.
Tamara Soerensen completed her bachelor’s degree in biology at the University of California, Santa Barbara and her master’s in nutrition at Bastyr University. She is currently a dietetic intern at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. Special interests include digestive health and the utilization of diet for disease prevention.
“Eat your broccoli,” may be a familiar refrain from your childhood. Maybe you didn’t love broccoli as a kid, but your parents were onto something. The “little trees” are full of fiber, folate, vitamins and more.
Broccoli is a member of the Brassica genus of plants, also known as the cabbage family. Broccoli’s relatives include Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, chard and watercress. Many Brassicas have strong flavors and mix well with meats and other vegetables.
“A pile of steamed broccoli doesn’t appeal to everyone,” recognizes registered dietitian Beth Czerwony, RD, LD. “But broccoli is incredibly versatile and can be used in so many different dishes. Toss it in with your stir fry, chop it fresh in a salad or roast it with your baby potatoes. And with an abundance of nutrients, there are many benefits of eating broccoli.”
It’s worth finding ways to add broccoli to your diet because it’s a health-boosting dynamo. Here’s some motivation for you to get your green on: Some of the beneficial substances in broccoli are somewhat unique to the Brassica family of vegetables. Broccoli provides nutrients that may:
Reduce your risk of cancer.
Help control blood sugar.
Protect your gut.
Boost immunity.
As a superfood status, broccoli can improve your health with these five components:
1. Compounds to reduce cancer risk
“Broccoli offers some powerful molecules that protect your cells from damage,” says Czerwony. “Some of them even destroy cancer cells.”
Detoxify certain substances that promote the growth of cancer cells, which means they don’t remove the substances, but they remove the harmful effects.
Provide antioxidants, which prevent cell damage that can lead to cancer.
Stop the growth and spread of cancer cells.
Support apoptosis, your body’s process for destroying cells that could turn into cancer.
These anticancer molecules are in several of broccoli’s cruciferous veggie relatives, too. These nutrients don’t survive cooking or freezing. So, to get the benefits, raw broccoli is best.
“Some of these compounds are even more concentrated in broccoli sprouts,” notes Czerwony. “You can find broccoli sprouts in health food stores and many grocery stores. Sprouts are also easy to grow at home using a sprouting kit.”
2. Nutrients to help manage blood sugar
Both human and lab studies suggest compounds in broccoli may help lower blood sugar in people with Type 2 diabetes. This effect may be due to the antioxidants in broccoli, like vitamin C.
Research shows that fiber can also help with blood sugar management. At 2.5 grams of fiber per cup, broccoli is a good source of this nutrient.
3. Ligands to protect your gut
In a nonhuman study, researchers found that broccoli can help protect the lining of your small intestine. Compounds found in broccoli, called aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands, help keep small intestine cells working well.
Why do those cells matter so much? When your small intestine lining is healthy, it only allows water and nutrients to pass through it into your bloodstream.
But when the cells of the lining are damaged, undigested food particles, bacteria and other disease-causing particles may pass through. A damaged small intestine lining can lead to infections and inflammation. It can also prevent you from absorbing the nutrients you need.
4. Vitamin C to boost immunity
Vitamin C is well-studied as an immune-boosting nutrient. When you don’t have enough vitamin C, you’re more likely to get infections.
The antioxidant effects of vitamin C also help your body keep free radicals under control. “Free radical damage is linked to all kinds of problems, including Alzheimer’s disease, autoimmune diseases, cancer, heart disease and Parkinson’s disease,” says Czerwony. When you don’t have enough antioxidants to neutralize free radicals, they damage your cells.
Surprising but true: Broccoli has more vitamin C than oranges. In 1 cup of the green cruciferous veggie, you get a whopping 81 milligrams of vitamin C. That’s 90% of the daily U.S. recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for adults. (An orange has about 70 milligrams.)
5. Nutrients to help heart health
Research suggests certain bioactive compounds in broccoli may boost your heart health in a variety of ways. It may:
Lower triglycerides and LDL (“bad”) cholesterol: “High LDL can lead to fatty deposits on your artery walls, increasing your risk of artery disease, stroke and heart attack,” Czerwony explains. Research shows that eating broccoli can lower triglycerides, a type of fat, as well as LDL.
Reduce calcium buildup in blood vessels: When calcium builds up on your blood vessel walls, it increases your risk of heart attack and stroke. According to research, broccoli can help reduce this calcium buildup.
Is frozen broccoli healthy?
“If you want those anticancer compounds like sulforaphane, choose fresh broccoli,” advises Czerwony. Freezing inactivates sulforaphane.
“Frozen broccoli also loses a bit of its vitamin content. But overall, frozen broccoli is still very healthy. It’s better than not eating any broccoli because you still get a lot of the health benefits,” she continues.
Need some broccoli-inspired meals? Try these easy recipes:
Healthaware 