Swap regular fries for these delicious, and nutritious, potato wedges
These crispy sweet potato wedges come out Cajun spicy and sweet. Don’t tell anyone but they’re also really healthy. They’re loaded with antioxidants and phytonutrients and are a great source of beta-carotene. Another plus? As complex carbs, they digest slowly and raise blood sugars gradually — keeping you from a spike and drop-off.
Ingredients
2 sweet potatoes, cut into wedges (about 8 wedges per potato)
1 tablespoon olive oil
2 tablespoons Cajun seasoning
Directions
Preheat oven to 425 F.
In a large mixing bowl, combine the sweet potatoes, oil and Cajun seasoning. Mix well to evenly coat wedges.
Spread the wedges in a single layer on one (or two, if needed) ungreased baking sheets.
Bake for 30 minutes or until crispy and brown on one side.
Flip fries over and bake for another 30 minutes or until the wedges are crispy on the outside and tender inside.
Ingredient health benefits
Sweet potatoes: These root veggies are beloved the world over for their flavor and versatility. But did you know there’s more to sweet potatoes than … well, just being sweet? They’re also packed with essential vitamins and minerals like vitamin B6, vitamin C, vitamin A and potassium. These nutrients help support many aspects of your overall health, including your immune system, metabolism, blood pressure and vision. Sweet potatoes also have carbohydrates and fiber to fuel your cells and promote healthy digestion.
Olive oil: This cooking oil is one of those ingredients that’s actually worth the hype. Olive oil is full of unsaturated fats and polyphenols. These compounds support your heart and fight inflammation that can harm your cells. Vitamin E and vitamin K, also known as fat-soluble vitamins, maintain radiant skin and strong bones. Olive oil also elevates your good “HDL” cholesterol while lowering your “bad” (LDL) cholesterol. And powerful antioxidants suppress free radicals, damaging little particles that harm your cells in ways that can lead to cancer. While all olive oil has these benefits, extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is the highest quality, so don’t hesitate to pick some up if it fits within your budget!
A creamy smoothie with crunchy toppings — in a bowl!
Ingredients
Smoothie base
1 1/2 cups plain yogurt
1 banana, frozen
1/2 cup orange juice
1 cup berries of your choice
1 tablespoon flaxseeds
1 scoop vanilla plant-based protein powder, optional
Toppings
1 tablespoon slivered almonds
1 teaspoon chia seeds
1 tablespoon pomegranate seeds
Directions
Blend all base ingredients together until smooth, adjusting for sweetness and thickness.
Serve immediately in a large bowl with toppings.
Ingredient health benefits
Yogurt: With probiotics and prebiotics to go around, yogurt is a great way to show your stomach some love. Yogurt is also a complete protein, which means it has all nine essential amino acids that your body needs to function properly (but can’t make on its own). And, most famously, it has calcium to keep your bones happy and healthy.
Bananas: Most everyone knows that bananas are a great source of potassium, but there’s so much more to this zany-looking fruit than popular knowledge conveys. Bananas also have magnesium and vitamin B6, which help regulate blood pressure and metabolism. And they have fiber to keep your gut working properly.
Flaxseed: This little seed really is worth the hype. Flaxseed is a source of omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3s, for short), which are vital for your body to function as it should. Flaxseed also has fiber and antioxidants that fight damaging free radicals and chronic inflammation.
Chia seeds: Another tiny seed with plenty of perks, chia seeds improve your digestion and promote the growth of good bacteria that keep your gut healthy. Their quirky ability to expand in fluid can help you stay fuller for longer when they’re in your stomach juices, which can be helpful if you’re trying to lose weight.
Pomegranate seeds: These little gems are as good for you as they taste. The squishy packets around the seeds contain juice that’s high in antioxidants, which might support the health of your heart. Pomegranate juice may also have cancer-fighting abilities, but research is ongoing. Still, incorporating pomegranates into a hearty, nutritious diet wouldn’t hurt!
Nutrition information (per serving)
Makes 4 servings Serving = 3/4 cup
Calories: 160 Carbohydrate: 27 g Sugars: 17 g Fiber: 4 g Saturated fat: 0.5 g Cholesterol: 5 mg Protein: 9 g Sodium: 70 mg
Some have called bananas “nature’s perfect snack,” and it’s easy to see why. The curvy yellow fruits come conveniently packaged, travel well in a lunch bag or purse and are incredibly versatile. They make a great smoothie mixer or a tasty topper on cereal or oatmeal and even have their very own category of (delicious!) muffins and bread.
Are bananas healthy?
“Absolutely,” says registered dietitian Elyse Homan, RD, LD. “They’re full of nutrients and easy on the gut. Very few people have problems digesting bananas.”
So, what are you eating when you peel and enjoy? A medium-sized ripe banana contains:
105 calories.
1 gram of protein.
28 grams of carbohydrates.
15 grams of (natural) sugar.
3 grams of fiber.
Less than 1 gram of fat.
Health benefits of eating bananas
From vitamins to minerals to fiber, bananas are good for you, with lots of nutrition to offer. Plus, they’re easy to digest, reiterates Homan. Here’s a breakdown of banana’s most notable nutritional benefits:
1. Fiber for improved digestion and disease prevention
With 3 grams (g) of fiber, a banana supplies nearly 10% of what you need in a day, based on a 2,000-calorie daily diet, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) dietary guidelines.
You hear “fiber” and probably automatically think of digestion. It’s true — fiber is great for your gut. It helps keep things moving in your intestines, and most of us probably need to eat more.
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a nutrient that helps your body absorb iron and boosts your immune system’s ability to fight illness. Adults need 75 to 90 milligrams (mg) per day. A banana delivers about 10 mg of vitamin C.
Vitamin C is one of many antioxidants you can get from food. Antioxidants are important because they cancel out free radicals in your body. Free radicals can build up and damage your cells, leading to disease. But antioxidants like vitamin C keep free radicals in check.
“One banana will give you one-quarter to one-third of the vitamin B6 you need in a day,” says Homan.
4. Potassium for organ health and lower blood pressure
The USDA recommended daily intake of potassium for adults is 4,700 to 5,000 mg. A banana supplies you with about 422 mg, or a little less than 10% of what you need per day.
Potassium, a mineral, does a lot for your body. It’s essential for the proper function of your:
Heart.
Kidneys.
Muscles.
Nerves.
Getting enough potassium also keeps your blood pressure in a healthy range. Potassium, which lowers blood pressure, balances out sodium, which raises blood pressure.
Homan says potassium also benefits your vascular system — the network of blood vessels and lymph vessels that run through your body’s tissues and organs — and reduces your risk of:
Heart disease.
Kidney failure.
Stroke.
5. Magnesium for improved blood pressure, blood sugar and more
A single medium-sized banana offers about 32 mg of the mineral magnesium, which fulfills around 8% to 10% of your daily magnesium requirement.
Magnesium is involved in many processes in your body, including:
Blood pressure.
Blood sugar levels.
Building proteins.
Maintaining bone.
Muscle function.
Nerve function.
Bananas and resistant starch
Green, or unripe, bananas are high in resistant starch. “Your body can’t digest resistant starch,” notes Homan. “Instead, it’s a prebiotic that promotes the growth of good bacteria in your colon.” Prebiotics improve digestive health and can be helpful if you’re experiencing diarrhea.
“I often hear patients say they avoid bananas since they’ve heard the fruit is too high in sugar,” says Homan. As bananas ripen, much of the resistant starch changes to sugar. But the health benefits of antioxidants and fiber outweigh the naturally occurring sugar. For those worried about blood sugar levels, pair bananas with a protein source such as peanut butter or a cheese stick for better control.
A small word of warning about unripe bananas: “If you’re not used to eating resistant starch, start slowly to let your body get used to it. Some people can experience constipation, gas and bloating at first,” adds Homan.
Another plus of this fruit? In addition to all the health benefits of bananas, they’re less expensive than many other fruits.
This transitional and restorative yoga pose provides a full-body stretch
Physical therapist Dawn Lorring, PT, MPT, walks through the steps of how to do downward dog correctly and shares its many benefits.
From beginner’s yoga to more advanced practices, downward dog is one of the most popular poses…with a few common misconceptions.
Rounding your back, placing your feet too far apart or putting too much weight into your wrists can all create a deeper stretch than intended — which increases your risk of injury.
Physical therapist Dawn Lorring, PT, MPT, walks through the steps of how to do downward dog correctly and shares its many benefits.
What is downward dog?
Downward dog (also known as downward facing dog, facing dog pose or Adho Mukha Svanasana in Sanskrit) is a foundational yoga pose. It’s often used as a transition between movements, like sun salutations. It’s also a form of active resting, active stretching and strengthening. This allows you to check in with yourself and re-evaluate your intentions during your practice.
You do downward facing dog by putting your body into an inverted V-shape (or pyramid), as if there were a straight line that runs through the top of your head up your spine and out of your butt toward the ceiling.
How to properly do downward facing dog
Facing dog pose won’t usually be your first movement when doing yoga. Before trying it, it’s best to loosen up your muscles and joints and find ways to work it into your overall yoga practice.
Once you’re warmed up and ready to go, follow these steps:
Start on all fours with your hands shoulder-width apart and your knees in line directly behind your hips.
Spreading your fingers wide, press down into your hands and tuck your toes (almost like you’re using them to grip the floor beneath you).
As you exhale, bring your hips up and back, as if there’s a string pulling your butt toward the ceiling, so your body creates an inverted V-shape (or pyramid).
Focus on straightening your back, not rounding it, so your head and neck are relaxed between your upper arms. It helps to focus on pressing through your arms to “push” the ground away from you and keep your arms active.
Keep your legs straight and, if it’s comfortable for you to do so, try to drop your heels down to the floor.
Adjust your posture by shifting your weight between your hands and feet until you sink comfortably into the position.
Hold this pose for 10 to 15 seconds at a time, making sure to breathe throughout.
For a more relaxed stretch, bend your knees a little and readjust your posture as needed.
When you’re done, exhale and move into your next pose or slowly lower yourself to the floor to enter child’s pose.
“Downward facing dog isn’t about keeping your heels on the ground or holding it for long periods of time,” clarifies Lorring. “It’s really about making sure you’re going to a place that’s comfortable for you, so you can adjust your body as often as you need in this pose.”
Facing dog pose variations
If you have a hard time getting down on your hands and knees, try this wall variation:
Face the wall and place both your hands out in front of you so your palms are flat and your fingers are stretched out.
Keeping your head and back straight and your hands on the wall in front of you, slowly walk your legs backward.
As you move, walk your hands down the wall so you hinge at your hips and look directly at the floor.
Keeping your head and neck relaxed, hold this pose for 10 to 15 seconds before slowly returning to stand.
If you feel stress or discomfort in your wrists, you can modify by rolling up a towel or the edge of your yoga mat and placing the roll under the heels of your hands. This will decrease some of that pressure.
For a more challenging stretch that deeply engages your hips and hamstrings:
While in the downward facing dog position, lift one leg up and stretch it toward the ceiling.
For a deeper stretch, bend your outstretched leg back and over your body, so your knee is facing away from you.
Repeat this process with the other leg, holding the pose for as long as you feel comfortable on either side.
Downward dog benefits
Downward facing dog provides a full body stretch, while also strengthening and working your:
Adho Mukha Svanasana helps improve your flexibility and control, and provides you a moment of active rest. It also increases blood flow to your head and upper body when you’re in the inverted V position. But because of this, you should talk to your yoga instructor, athletic trainer or healthcare provider before starting this position if you have:
“Facing dog pose tries to improve flexibility but also builds the strength to control that flexibility,” says Lorring. “If you’re feeling excessive stress to a certain part of your body, then you’re probably holding the pose for too long or you’re trying to go into a range that you’re not ready for. We can help you get there.”
This transitional and restorative yoga pose provides a full-body stretch
Physical therapist Dawn Lorring, PT, MPT, walks through the steps of how to do downward dog correctly and shares its many benefits.
From beginner’s yoga to more advanced practices, downward dog is one of the most popular poses…with a few common misconceptions.
Rounding your back, placing your feet too far apart or putting too much weight into your wrists can all create a deeper stretch than intended — which increases your risk of injury.
Physical therapist Dawn Lorring, PT, MPT, walks through the steps of how to do downward dog correctly and shares its many benefits.
What is downward dog?
Downward dog (also known as downward facing dog, facing dog pose or Adho Mukha Svanasana in Sanskrit) is a foundational yoga pose. It’s often used as a transition between movements, like sun salutations. It’s also a form of active resting, active stretching and strengthening. This allows you to check in with yourself and re-evaluate your intentions during your practice.
You do downward facing dog by putting your body into an inverted V-shape (or pyramid), as if there were a straight line that runs through the top of your head up your spine and out of your butt toward the ceiling.
How to properly do downward facing dog
Facing dog pose won’t usually be your first movement when doing yoga. Before trying it, it’s best to loosen up your muscles and joints and find ways to work it into your overall yoga practice.
Once you’re warmed up and ready to go, follow these steps:
Start on all fours with your hands shoulder-width apart and your knees in line directly behind your hips.
Spreading your fingers wide, press down into your hands and tuck your toes (almost like you’re using them to grip the floor beneath you).
As you exhale, bring your hips up and back, as if there’s a string pulling your butt toward the ceiling, so your body creates an inverted V-shape (or pyramid).
Focus on straightening your back, not rounding it, so your head and neck are relaxed between your upper arms. It helps to focus on pressing through your arms to “push” the ground away from you and keep your arms active.
Keep your legs straight and, if it’s comfortable for you to do so, try to drop your heels down to the floor.
Adjust your posture by shifting your weight between your hands and feet until you sink comfortably into the position.
Hold this pose for 10 to 15 seconds at a time, making sure to breathe throughout.
For a more relaxed stretch, bend your knees a little and readjust your posture as needed.
When you’re done, exhale and move into your next pose or slowly lower yourself to the floor to enter child’s pose.
“Downward facing dog isn’t about keeping your heels on the ground or holding it for long periods of time,” clarifies Lorring. “It’s really about making sure you’re going to a place that’s comfortable for you, so you can adjust your body as often as you need in this pose.”
Facing dog pose variations
If you have a hard time getting down on your hands and knees, try this wall variation:
Face the wall and place both your hands out in front of you so your palms are flat and your fingers are stretched out.
Keeping your head and back straight and your hands on the wall in front of you, slowly walk your legs backward.
As you move, walk your hands down the wall so you hinge at your hips and look directly at the floor.
Keeping your head and neck relaxed, hold this pose for 10 to 15 seconds before slowly returning to stand.
If you feel stress or discomfort in your wrists, you can modify by rolling up a towel or the edge of your yoga mat and placing the roll under the heels of your hands. This will decrease some of that pressure.
For a more challenging stretch that deeply engages your hips and hamstrings:
While in the downward facing dog position, lift one leg up and stretch it toward the ceiling.
For a deeper stretch, bend your outstretched leg back and over your body, so your knee is facing away from you.
Repeat this process with the other leg, holding the pose for as long as you feel comfortable on either side.
Downward dog benefits
Downward facing dog provides a full body stretch, while also strengthening and working your:
Adho Mukha Svanasana helps improve your flexibility and control, and provides you a moment of active rest. It also increases blood flow to your head and upper body when you’re in the inverted V position. But because of this, you should talk to your yoga instructor, athletic trainer or healthcare provider before starting this position if you have:
“Facing dog pose tries to improve flexibility but also builds the strength to control that flexibility,” says Lorring. “If you’re feeling excessive stress to a certain part of your body, then you’re probably holding the pose for too long or you’re trying to go into a range that you’re not ready for. We can help you get there.”
A baby who can self-soothe will fall asleep on their own and play calmly without your intervention. It’s a process, and a skill, that will help throughout their lives. Follow these tips to get started.
It’s naptime — thank goodness. But your baby isn’t having it. They cry. They fuss. So, you bounce them, rock them or even drive around town until they fall asleep.
It’s the question on the top of your mind (and you’re not alone): When — and how — will my baby learn to self-soothe and calm down without so much effort?
Pediatrician Matthew Badgett, MD, answers this important question, and shares ways to help your baby learn to self-soothe.
Why is self-soothing important?
When your baby self-soothes, they can calm down on their own and they:
Fall asleep without your help.
Fall back asleep if they wake up in the middle of a nap or during the night.
Sit or play calmly by themselves.
But self-soothing isn’t just for little ones. It’s an important skill throughout your life. Whether you realize it or not, you use your own self-soothing methods to feel better when you’re stressed or anxious.
“Self-soothing is a way of regulating your emotions,” Dr. Badgett explains. “Babies might suck their thumb or hold a stuffed animal. Adults might listen to music, take a walk or do yoga. The type of self-soothing you use changes throughout your life, but it’s a key part of your emotional health.”
When can my baby learn to self-soothe?
Every exhausted parent wants to know: When will my baby lie in their crib and drift off to sleep without my help? Or When can I put them in their bouncy seat for five minutes without screams of protest?
“In general, don’t try to teach your baby to self-soothe before they are 3 months old,” advises Dr. Badgett. “Newborns need you to help soothe them because they don’t have the ability to control their emotions. Learning emotional control is a process that takes years, so don’t expect too much from an infant or toddler.”
And self-soothing is a gradual process — not a switch you can flip. “Self-soothing is really co-soothing because the parent is still involved,” says Dr. Badgett. “Your baby plays a more active role in soothing, but you set them up for success. You figure out how your baby can calm down with less of your help.”
Self-soothing tips and techniques
If your baby is past the newborn stage but still cries relentlessly when you put them down, there is hope. These tips can help your baby gain self-soothing skills:
1. Meet your baby’s needs first
Before you assume that your baby is just cranky, review their list of needs. Your baby won’t be able to self-soothe if:
Their diaper is wet or soiled.
Their clothing is too hot or too cold for the environment.
There are too many distractions in the room, like a noisy TV or other children.
After you’ve ruled out those issues, move on to the next steps.
2. Set a schedule
Babies love routine. Try to put your baby to bed at the same time every day. Don’t skip naps or keep your baby up late. A schedule keeps them from becoming overtired — that’s when any hope of self-soothing goes out the window.
“If your baby goes to bed at the same times each day, their body clock will get used to it,” Dr. Badgett notes. “Then, they will start to feel sleepy right at naptime or bedtime. Babies that are drowsy, but not exhausted, are better able to fall asleep on their own.”
3. Use white noise
The sound of a fan or a white noise machine can be music to your baby’s ears. “Many babies prefer a steady sound over a perfectly quiet room,” Dr. Badgett says. “It helps drown out other sounds that could startle them, and it has a calming effect.”
Turn on the white noise machine when it’s bedtime. This can serve as a cue for your baby to learn when it’s time for dreamland.
4. Stay close without picking them up
After you place your baby in their crib or seat, don’t leave right away.
“If you give your baby some attention without holding them, they learn that being put down isn’t a bad thing,” Dr. Badgett explains. “Talk to them, or gently put your hand on their belly. After a few minutes, calmly leave the room.”
5. Try a pacifier
Pacifiers are a useful tool for babies under the age of 1. But use caution. It can be hard to take the paci away from a baby who can’t calm down without it.
“Pacifiers help young babies learn to self-soothe before they learn other techniques,” Dr. Badgett says. “But limit pacifier use to naptime and bedtime. Use them with other methods, like white noise and a consistent routine. That way, your baby won’t learn to rely on the pacifier alone.”
6. Wean them off feeding to sleep
It’s normal for young babies to fall asleep at the bottle or breast. But as your baby grows, they need to learn other ways to drift off.
“Don’t feed your older baby right at naptime with the sole purpose of getting them to sleep,” Dr. Badgett suggests. “They might end up overeating or relying on the nipple even when they’re already full.”
You can avoid the feed-to-sleep method if you:
Stop feeding if you see your baby getting sleepy.
Gently burp your baby to wake them up a little if they fell asleep feeding. Then, use the other self-soothing techniques to help them calm back down.
With a little persistence, perseverance and patience on your end, your little one could be self-soothing to sleep in no time.
You’re taking cough syrup and lozenges in an attempt to get some relief. But what about using honey for sore throat symptoms? Does this natural home remedy actually work to soothe a sore throat and cough?
In addition to having other symptoms like nasal congestion, fatigue and fever, you may develop a cough.
Honey has a long history of being used as a natural remedy. And one remedy is to soothe sore throats and help alleviate a cough.
“Research shows that honey has some antimicrobial and anti-inflammation properties. Honey can help by decreasing inflammation and irritation in your throat,” explains Dr. Rainbolt. “Another study shows that honey may reduce mucus secretion. So, you can use honey for cough symptoms as well, whether it’s a wet or dry cough.”
Is it safe for children?
Giving honey to a child under 1-year-old isn’t recommended, warns Dr. Rainbolt.
“There’s concern for an infant botulism, a serious illness that’s caused by Clostridium botulinum,” she continues. “While it’s a rare occurrence, honey can contain spores that cause botulism. It attacks the body’s nervous system and children under one are more vulnerable.”
How to use for a sore throat
Most sore throats tend to get better within a week, but during that time, adults can take a spoonful (about 1 teaspoon) of honey for a cough and sore throat.
You can also dilute half a teaspoon to 1 teaspoon of honey in warm water or tea. This method is also recommended for children older than 1.
“You can use it with any kind of herbal tea or warm water with lemon juice, which can be soothing as well,” says Dr. Rainbolt.
So, how often can you use this home remedy? Dr. Rainbolt recommends using honey no more than four or five times a day.
And part of that reasoning is that honey does contain sugar.
“If you’re concerned about your sugar intake, then I recommend using honey more sparingly,” she says. “I would just use it at night to give you some relief before you go to bed.”
And can you use both honey and traditional cold medicine?
Yes, says Dr. Rainbolt.
“If it seems like the honey isn’t helping on its own, then you can certainly do both honey and medication, if medicine is something that you are able to take,” she notes.
Is honey safe to use?
Honey can be a helpful tool for those who can’t take traditional cold medications — for example, children under 6 years old or individuals with health conditions like high blood pressure or cardiovascular disease.
Overall, honey can be a good way to help soothe your sore throat and cough. It doesn’t come with some of the side effects that over-the-counter medications have like drowsiness.
So, can you just buy any honey you see on the grocery store shelf?
Yes, but you might want to make sure it’s been pasteurized. The pasteurization process removes any crystallization and unwanted yeast. It also improves honey’s texture and color, while extending its shelf life.
Dr. Rainbolt also mentions that some people think using local honey, which tends to be unpasteurized or raw, can come with extra benefits.
“There’s a thought that if you use local honey, you are exposed to some of the area’s natural allergens in a positive way,” she explains. “The idea is that it will help with allergies you have.”
The next time your throat starts to tickle, reach for honey and see if it helps.
“Think of honey as a first line of defense for those over 1 year old,” says Dr. Rainbolt. “Honey is something that pretty much everyone can try. And it’s been shown to work as well as some cough suppressant medications. It’s a nice alternative.”
Daily stressors can increase BP in the moment, as well as contribute to habits that can feed long-term hypertension
Feeling stressed? If so, you’re hardly alone, given that stress has been called the health epidemic of the 21st century. But have you ever wondered what all this stress means for your blood pressure?
The answer, it turns out, is more complex than you might think. Let’s take a closer look with preventive cardiologist Luke Laffin, MD.
Does stress raise blood pressure?
Stressful moments can totally send your blood pressure (BP) skyrocketing. You feel it deep in your core, too, as your heart thumps harder and your nerves jangle with a fight-or-flight response.
“If we’re in a stressful situation, the normal physiologic response is to increase blood pressure,” explains Dr. Laffin. “But your body can handle these sorts of acute changes in blood pressure pretty well.”
And once the immediate stressor is gone, your BP should return to its typical level.
Of course, not all stress clocks out like it’s a shift worker. Chronic stress tends to linger — and that can contribute to a long list of physical symptoms, including high blood pressure (hypertension).
The connection between stress and hypertension
Researchers don’t know as much about the direct effects of long-term stress on blood pressure. But they do know that stress can impact lifestyle habits and increase your risk of heart disease and other chronic health issues.
“Stress itself doesn’t necessarily cause sustained elevations in blood pressure,” says Dr. Laffin. “But it often has an impact on lifestyle factors, which can absolutely contribute to long-term elevations in blood pressure.”
When you’re chronically stressed, you can fall into habits that can lead to higher blood pressure and increase your risk of heart disease. These include:
It can be difficult to see when acute stress transitions to chronic stress. But seemingly “temporary” stressors that last for weeks can turn into chronic stressors that need to be addressed for the sake of your heart health.
“What we’re really worried about is chronically elevated blood pressure,” states Dr. Laffin.
Can lowering stress lower your BP?
Finding ways to better manage your stress can help keep your blood pressure from rising and staying at elevated levels, suggests Dr. Laffin. He suggests:
Focusing on fitness: “Working out regularly is a great way to feel better, decrease stress levels and better adapt to difficult situations,” says Dr. Laffin. The positive effects of exercise on heart health are also important for your blood pressure.
Catching ZZZs: The quantity and quality of your sleep matter for your BP. “For stable blood pressure, you need to get about six to eight hours of uninterrupted sleep at night,” he advises.
Minimizing stressors: To reduce stress, you need to address its causes. Of course, that can be easier said than done when stressors involve your job or family. In these cases, additional steps, like therapy, may help you find coping strategies.
Adopting a heart-healthy diet: Foods high in sodium and saturated fats can increase blood pressure even before you add stress to the mix. Embracing a Mediterranean-style diet and eating more antioxidant-rich foods can help keep your BP down.
Calming techniques: Various forms of meditation can help you calm your mind and tamp down stress. There’s evidence that mindfulness-based stress reduction can lower BP within a few months.
Medications like beta-blockers may also be an option if stress seems to be driving blood pressure into danger zones. Antihypertensives can help bring down high blood pressure, too.
“But managing stress-related hypertension usually comes down to lifestyle,” clarifies Dr. Laffin. “Diet, exercise, sleep — those are all factors that play a big role in keeping your heart healthy.”
Excess alcohol and substance use can cause temporary and permanent memory loss
What are blackouts and brownouts?
Blackouts involve complete memory loss caused by your brain’s inability to record new memories for a period of time due to the effects of excessive alcohol, substance misuse or some other condition.
But sometimes, auditory or visual cues can help a person piece together memories of what happened during a blackout. These cues could come in the form of texts, pictures or conversations with people who were present while you were blacked out. The medical term for blackouts is called transient loss of consciousness (TLOC).
The difference between a brownout and a blackout is that brownouts involve partial memory loss. With a brownout, you may be able to remember certain details from the period of time you were affected, but other portions of time can’t be recalled.
“The hippocampus is a part of your brain that takes our experiences and the awareness of all our senses and processes those into memories,” explains Dr. Streem. “It’s sensitive, and it’s the same part of the brain that deteriorates in people with Alzheimer’s disease.”
Excessive alcohol use isn’t the only thing that can cause blackouts or brownouts. Substance misuse on its own or with alcohol can increase your likelihood of experiencing a blackout. Hypnotics or sedatives and benzodiazepines like flunitrazepam (also known as Rohypnol or roofies) can also lead to blackouts or brownouts.
There are other medical conditions that cause blackouts or brownouts, too, including:
“Anything that causes damage to the brain, whether temporary or permanent, can cause memory loss if the damage is in the right spot,” states Dr. Streem.
“When you’re passed out, you’re not awake. A blackout happens to someone who’s still conscious but they’re not coding any new memories,” explains Dr. Streem. “A person who has a blackout is still awake and they have some ability to think, but other parts of their brain may not be working well enough. Often, this is because of intoxication.”
Understanding these definitions and the difference between blackouts and passing out is incredibly important, as it may be difficult for other people to recognize someone is having a blackout because of their seemingly aware state.
How much alcohol can cause a blackout?
How much alcohol or substance use is needed to cause a blackout varies based on a person’s height, weight, sensitivity and assigned sex at birth.
“We know females absorb more alcohol in their bloodstream than males,” says Dr. Streem. “But for most people, it’s going to involve more than the legal blood alcohol limit. In almost all states in the U.S., the blood alcohol limit for driving is .08. Blackouts usually appear at blood alcohol levels that are twice the legal limit or higher.”
Studies have shown that young adults under the age of 25 are particularly vulnerable to experiencing blackouts. Additionally, blackouts may occur at far lower thresholds among younger populations. That’s largely because the parts of your brain responsible for decision-making aren’t fully matured until around age 25. Despite this, intentional binge drinking has been a common practice among young adults.
Regardless of age, recent studies show more frequent blackout experiences are related to an increase in memory lapse and cognitive difficulties even after alcohol misuse is corrected. This means that even after a blackout occurs, you can continue to experience memory loss and other difficulties recalling memories.
Blackout effects on your body
If you’re experiencing a blackout or brownout, you’re at higher risk for falling, injury and unwanted or unsafe sexual experiences. A person who is blacked out may also throw up while sleeping, which could lead to an increased risk of choking or suffocating.
It can be hard to determine when you’re going to have a blackout or brownout. But some signs it may be happening to you in the moment include:
Difficulty standing.
Nausea.
Lightheadedness.
Loss of vision or shrinking of your field of view.
Other signs of substance-related blackouts, specifically blackouts caused by sedatives, hypnotics or benzodiazepines, include:
Loss of bowel or bladder control.
Difficulty breathing.
Feeling drunk when you haven’t consumed alcohol or consumed less than your usual amount.
Sudden body temperature changes.
Sudden increase in dizziness, disorientation, loss of vision or difficulty speaking.
“Hypnotic drugs are prone to cause this kind of impairment and memory loss,” states Dr. Streem. “Sadly, people sometimes use them to take advantage of other people.”
Strategies for managing blackouts
A blackout ends when your body has absorbed the alcohol you consumed and your brain is able to make memories again. Sleep often helps this process along.
Alcohol is dehydrating by nature, so making sure you’re drinking plenty of water and staying hydrated is important. Being aware of potential signs of intoxication can also be helpful in understanding your limitations.
But what if you end up having a blackout anyway?
“The experience of a blackout can sometimes be an opportunity to learn about our bodies and our brains, and what we can and can’t handle,” says Dr. Streem. “But the most important thing to do when you have a blackout is to try and piece together as best we can what happened and whether we were injured. It also might be necessary to try to assess whether you’ve been taken advantage of in some way.”
If you think you’ve been injured, sexually or physically assaulted, it’s important that you get medical attention immediately and talk to the police about everything you can remember.
Other measures you can take to reduce the likelihood of blackouts and brownouts and increase your own safety include:
Drinking with people you trust.
Pairing up with a close friend or group of friends and leaving together.
Not drinking on an empty stomach.
Not taking drinks from other people.
Opening containers yourself or watching your drink being poured.
Taking your drink with you when leaving a room.
Not drinking anything that tastes or smells odd.
Asking for help when you start to feel drunk or intoxicated.
“There’s no way to prevent a blackout or brownout from happening other than to stop consuming so much alcohol or other substances that cause them,” says Dr. Streem. “Beyond that, safety and general physical care can be very helpful in making sure this doesn’t happen to you.”
Wearing no clothes could lead to cooler skin temperatures that put ZZZs within reach
Many people believe they were born with the only pajamas needed for a good night’s sleep, but here’s the naked truth: No research directly confirms that sleeping in the buff leads to better slumber.
There is, however, some validity behind the idea of sleeping naked — namely regarding how a cooler skin temperature improves sleep quality.
So, should you consider stripping down at bedtime before sliding under the sheets? Let’s look at the potential benefits (and risks) with behavioral sleep disorders specialist Michelle Drerup, PsyD, DBSM.
Is sleeping naked better?
There are some possible perks to nude sleeping … so, maybe? Here are a few reasons why you might want to slip off your clothes before slipping off to sleep.
Falling asleep faster
Your body naturally works to lower its thermostat to doze off at night through its circadian rhythm, which regulates your sleep/wake cycle. The faster you cool off, the faster you typically catch some ZZZs, says Dr. Drerup.
That’s also one of the reasons why sleep experts recommended that you keep your bedroom temperature between 60 degrees Fahrenheit and 67 degrees Fahrenheit (15.5 degrees Celsius to 19.44 degrees Celsius) for optimal snoozing.
Improved sleep quality
Ever toss and turn in bed because you’re too hot? Sleeping naked certainly removes any possibility of pajama-induced overheating interfering with a good night’s rest. It’s the absolute final move in shedding layers to stay cool.
“There’s no question that cooler is better than warmer for overall sleeping,” says Dr. Drerup.
And getting enough rest is key to … well, just about everything in day-to-day life. Waking up refreshed can help you manage stress more effectively, improve focus, boost performance and make you a more pleasant person.
For women: reduced risk of yeast infections
Tight-fitting underwear can trap heat and moisture between your legs. What makes a yeast infection thrive? Yep — heat and moisture.
Sleeping naked (or even in loose-fitting cotton bottoms) allows for some air circulation around your vagina. Keeping the area cooler and drier may help reduce your chances of getting a yeast infection, too.
For men: potential fertility boost
Heat isn’t a friend of male fertility. Regular exposure to higher temperatures for your testicles can cause sperm counts to drop. Wearing underwear that keeps things packed tight doesn’t exactly offer a cooling effect.
Studies show that men who wear boxers have a higher sperm count than their buddies in briefs. So if loose-fitting boxes help that much, imagine what 8 hours of no clothing might do.
Reasons to keep your PJs on
Sleepwalkers may want to give the idea some extra thought to going au natural to avoid any potential awkward encounters, notes Dr. Drerup.
And if you’re not a fan of doing laundry, consider this: Your washing schedule for bedding may need to increase with more skin-to-sheet contact. (Gross fact: The skin cells you shed in a day can feed 1 million dust mites. You don’t want to turn your bed into their buffet.)
Can you be cool and clothed?
Going to bed “nearly” naked while wearing lightweight and loose-fitting garments can bring you similar quality sleep results as taking everything off. “Tank tops and boxer-style briefs don’t possess a ton of warming qualities,” says Dr. Drerup.
And while being cool is desirable for sleep, you also don’t want to be cold. There’s even evidence that wearing socks to bed to warm your tootsies can help you drift off to sleep.
So, which is it: off or on?
Ultimately, what you wear to sleep is a personal choice. “There’s no proven benefit or harm to sleeping naked,” says Dr. Drerup. “Just do what feels right and then rest easy with your decision.”
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